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- Impact Indigo2 Video
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- Impact Indigo2 Video provides video input, output, and effects for
- Indigo2 family of desktop workstations. They are an integral part of the
- Silicon Studio solution for film and video production from Silicon
- Graphics.
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- Impact Indigo2 Video on the Indigo2 platform works with the R4000, R4400,
- and R4600 CPUs, and Impact graphics board set.
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- High-Quality Digital Video
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- With high-quality video input and output, Indigo2 can be used to create
- professional video productions.
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- * Industrial quality S-Video and Composite formats
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- * NTSC and PAL standards
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- * Real-time video capture with the Cosmo Compress option
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- * Genlock to video input or external blackburst
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- * 8 bit per component 4:2:2 YUV color space with no conversions from
- input to output
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- Real-Time Effects
-
- The alpha blender and key generator enable on-line editing of many
- fundamental video effects. A third party or VL application is required in
- order to take advantage of these features.
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- * Overlays
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- * Dissolves
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- * Fades
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- * Wipes
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- * Chroma keying
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- * Luma keying
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- Artifact-Free Output
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- Indigo2 Video help you combine computer graphics and video without tell-
- tale artifacts. The system software drives Indigo's graphics at your
- choice of NTSC or PAL field rates, or graphics refresh rates. This
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- eliminates motion artifacts caused by dropped or duplicated frames when
- outputting graphics to video.
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- Selectable filters are provided that greatly improve the quality of your
- productions. The deinterlace input filter brightens the computer display
- of interlaced video streams. Similarly, the anti-flicker output filter
- eliminates distracting interlacing artifacts in graphics recorded to
- video.
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- Choice of Sizes
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- You can shape your video to sizes that suit your application.
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- * Real-time scan conversion for nearly full-screen
- output in square pixel mode
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- * Zoom video input up to full screen
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- * Pan within zoomed video stream
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- * Anti-aliased decimation of video input to smaller
- resolutions
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- The following are things to be aware of with the Indigo2 Video product:
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- The impactI2V.sw.eoe image must be installed for Indigo2 Video. Install
- the software from the miniroot so that the kernel can be auto configured
- after the software installation. This is necessary in order to use the
- hardware.
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- The only graphics monitor size supported is 1280 by 1024.
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- The highest graphics screen refresh rate supported is 72 Hz.
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- The board automatically probes for an active video input only during boot
- time. The automatic probing can take up to 1 minute if no valid video
- sources are connected.
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- Input timing, sync, input source cannot be changed while any video
- application is running.
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- The default control values have no effect until a video path is created.
- They are used as suggestions for applications such as videoin to specify
- the desired input source.
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- When using more than one video input, all inputs must have valid and
- identical timing.
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- The video tools supplied in /usr/sbin are: videoin, videoout,
- videopanel, vidtomen, memtovid, vintovout, and vlinfo. You could also
- find various IrisGL and OpenGL video application examples in
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- /usr/people/4Dgifts/examples/dmedia/video/vl and
- /usr/people/4Dgifts/examples/dmedia/video/vl/OpenGL.
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- Due to hardware constraints, two full size NTSC windows cannot fit
- horizontally on the 1280x1024 size graphics screen. This is, of course,
- also true for full size PAL windows, though both vertically and
- horizontally.
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- There are three sync modes in which the products can run:
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- 1. Internal - Used when performing graphics to video out or when the
- input video signal is poor quality. All timing is generated internally.
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- 2. Slave - Used when genlocking is not required. Preferred mode for image
- capture as it provides the highest capture rate.
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- 3. Genlock - Used when the output timing must be locked to a video source
- other than the video input source. Genlock does not work with a Y/C
- input.
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- In genlock or internal mode, only full size capture works with the
- application from video input, without disturbing the video output. In
- addition, the capture rate is greatly reduced. In slave mode, all sizes
- of capture work.
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- When internal mode is selected and video input is being directed to video
- output, the synchronizer mode must be turned on. It is preferable to put
- the board in slave mode or genlock mode when using video input.
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- Indigo2 Video supports three hardware video windows to and from graphics.
- Windows 0 and 1 are full 24-bit resolution windows, usable as either
- screen sources or screen drains. However, window 1 can be divided into
- two 12-bit screen drain windows, in which case these windows are known as
- 1 and 2.
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- There are restrictions on window placement. While using both 0 and 1
- windows, there can be no shared horizontal scan lines. Windows 1 and 2
- share even horizontal scan lines, and are dithered 12-bit. These two
- windows share the same decimation, zoom and pan factors. The software
- will not allow window placement in invalid locations.
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- This enforcement is noticeable by the windows snapping to locations
- and/or their being automatically resized to meet the hardware
- constraints. When it is not possible to place a new window on the
- screen, the VL error code VLBadWinAlloc is returned when the path is
- setup. Re-arrange or eliminate one of existing windows in order to
- accommodate the new one. This is common for screen source windows, which
- will not be made smaller than the size requested by the software.
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- If two windows are already opened, then they must not be against the
- right edge of the screen when the third window is opened.
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- Window decimation and zoom is performed in both the X and Y direction. It
- cannot be performed in only one direction. Extra space area is displayed
- next to the video input when the window decimation factor is set to 1/8,
- this is because the limitation of the resolution of the mininum graphics
- window support.
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- There is a placement restriction between the side by side windows (1&2)
- in 3 window mode. Window 1 must always be placed on the same line or
- higher than window 2.
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- Currently it is not possible to have a single window switch between
- graphics and video. The solution is to use two overlapping windows and
- unmap the one not being used.
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- Select _L_o_c_k _t_o _V_T_R mode when using an unstable video source such as a
- VCR.
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- Due to hardware constraints regarding minimum horizontal spacing between
- the two 12-bit 1 & 2 video windows, it is not possible to fit two full
- size NTSC windows across the graphics screen.
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- When freezing window 1 by itself (24-bit mode), window 2 cannot then be
- used. If both windows 1 and 2 are already in use (12-bit mode), they may
- be frozen independently.
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- When the timing mode is set to square pixel, the horizontal blanking is
- wider than the RS-170A specification.
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- To eliminate tearing and frame drop, framelock the graphics to the video
- by following the directions included in the hardware installation guide.
- This is accomplished by using the setmon(1G) -_F_g option. Tearing and
- frame drop can also be reduced by using the setmon(1G) command to set the
- graphics refresh rate to 60 Hz for NTSC, or 50 Hz for PAL. For PAL video
- type: setmon -Fe 50; for NTSC: setmon -Fe 60.
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- When performing blending between graphics and video in internal or
- genlock mode, there is a problem viewing both the inputs and outputs of
- the blender using the two side by side windows (1&2). To work around the
- problem, either run in slave mode, or only view the input or the output.
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- Full screen video output is only supported in NTSC 525 and PAL 625 square
- pixel modes.
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- There will be slight banding when sending graphics to video output. This
- is due to the RGB to YUV conversion that takes pixels that range from 0
- to 255 and converts them to digital video pixels that range from 16 to
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- 235. The banding effect is reduced by turning off the flicker filter.
- There is a menu option in the videoout application that turns the flicker
- filter on and off.
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- When performing host memory to video out operations with dithered data,
- the output may appear contoured due to artifacts related to converting
- dithered RGB images to YUV.
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- Video output can be frozen using Indigo2 Video either from the video
- input or graphics. It only works in genlock or internal mode for the
- path of video input to video output.
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- Due to the specific interaction between Impact graphics and Indigo2
- Video, the video in a video input window may appear to be aligned
- differently in comparison to other video products being used on with
- other graphics systems.
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- Data transfer denotes transferring frames between video and memory.
- Indigo2 Video supports two types of transfers - discrete and continuous.
- A discrete transfer allows for the specification of frame delay,
- dominance field and number of frames(fields) to transfer. Continuous
- transfers ignore frame delay and dominance field, transferring each
- frame(field) as fast as the hardware is capable. Frame delay does not
- apply to output transfers.
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- Indigo2 Video supports frame(field) capture that is decimated in both the
- X and Y directions. Only the half and quarter sizes of decimation are
- supported. Users can also clip the frame in the Y direction but not in X
- direction.
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- Indigo2 Video supports triggered frame transfers, for both input and
- output, from a GPI type device. The capture latency is a one frame delay
- from the triggered frame. The trigger mechanism is unavailable when the
- IndyCam is connected.
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- Using the _m_e_m_t_o_v_i_d trigger option (-_t) may appear confusing. The first
- frame will be continuously output to video until the trigger is detected.
- After that point, the first frame is again output followed by the
- subsequent frames.
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- When triggering output of a single frame, it may appear as if the trigger
- has been ignored and the frame output. This is not the case. After the
- trigger is detected, the frame will be output again.
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- The input timing used when displaying an image file to video out
- (memtovid) should be the same as when the image file was originally
- captured (vidtomem). A raw YUV file cannot be displayed unless the board
- is currently using the same input timing mode (NTSC or PAL) as being used
- when captured. An rgb file can be displayed in the wrong timing mode,
- but a YUV based image will be clipped and a NTSC image will be not fill
- the entire video screen.
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- IndyCam is supported on Indigo2 Video. The IndyCam is connected to the
- Digital I/O port of the video board.
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- IndyCam only operates with NTSC input timing, internal sync mode, and the
- synchronizer enabled.
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- The trigger mechanism is not available when the IndyCam is connected.
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- The following VL packing formats are supported by Indigo2 Video for
- memory transfers.
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- VL_PACKING_RGB_332_P, VL_PACKING_RGBA_8, VL_PACKING_RGB_8,
- VL_PACKING_Y_8_P, VL_PACKING_YVYU_422_8. The native format (requiring no
- conversion) is VL_PACKING_YVYU_422_8, and is the format required for live
- video input.
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- /var/arch/libvl/ev1.so
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- vcp(1), videoin(1), videoout(1), vlinfo(1), memtovid(1), vidtomem(1),
- vintovout(1), setmon(1G)
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